Object Wave Reconstruction by Phase-Plate Transmission Electron Microscopy

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new phase-plate transmission electron microscopy method for reconstructing the amplitude and phase of an object exit wave function, applicable to complex objects and non-linear imaging, verified through simulations and holography.

Contribution

It presents a novel in-line holography technique requiring three images with phase shifts, enabling wave function reconstruction for arbitrary objects in electron microscopy.

Findings

Method successfully reconstructs wave functions in simulations.

Effective even with non-linear image formation.

Noise impact on reconstruction is analyzed.

Abstract

A method is described for the reconstruction of the amplitude and phase of the object exit wave function by phase-plate transmission electron microscopy. The proposed method can be considered as in-line holography and requires three images, taken with different phase shifts between undiffracted and diffracted electrons induced by a suitable phase-shifting device. The proposed method is applicable for arbitrary object exit wave functions and non-linear image formation. Verification of the method is performed for examples of a simulated crystalline object wave function and a wave function acquired with off-axis holography. The impact of noise on the reconstruction of the wave function is investigated.