Dimensional reduction in quantum field theories at finite temperature and density

TL;DR

This paper establishes correspondences between 1+1 dimensional massless Gross-Neveu models and 3+1 dimensional nonrelativistic theories, revealing insights into phase diagrams and symmetry properties at a mean-field level.

Contribution

It introduces novel mappings between relativistic quantum field theories and nonrelativistic models, enhancing understanding of phase structures and symmetries.

Findings

Gross-Neveu model maps onto BCS theory with translational invariance

Extended Hubbard model corresponds to a generalized Gross-Neveu model

Particle-hole symmetry ensures condensate self-consistency

Abstract

In this work we present two correspondences between the massless Gross-Neveu model with one or two coupling constants in 1+1 dimensions and nonrelativistic field theories in 3+1 dimensions. It is shown that on a mean-field level the massless Gross-Neveu model can be mapped onto BCS theory provided that translational invariance of the condensate is assumed. The generalized massless Gross-Neveu model with two coupling constants is mapped onto a quasi one-dimensional extended Hubbard model used in the description of spin-Peierls systems. It is shown that the particle hole symmetry of the Hubbard model implies self-consistency of the condensate. The dimensional reduction allows an identification of the phase diagrams of the models.