Non-equilibrium Landauer Transport Model for Hawking radiation from a Black Hole

TL;DR

This paper models Hawking radiation as a non-equilibrium 1D Landauer transport process, revealing insights into entropy production and particle statistics independence in black hole radiation.

Contribution

It introduces a novel Landauer transport framework for Hawking radiation, connecting black hole emission to quantum channel theory and non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

Findings

Hawking radiation energy and entropy flows resemble a 1D quantum channel.

Particle statistics do not affect energy and entropy fluxes.

Entropy production is 50% higher than standard 3D emission models.

Abstract

We propose that the Hawking radiation energy and entropy flow rates from a black hole can be viewed as a one-dimensional (1D), non-equilibrium Landauer transport process. Support for this viewpoint comes from previous calculations invoking conformal symmetry in the near-horizon region, which give radiation rates that are identical to those of a single 1D quantum channel connected to a thermal reservoir at the Hawking temperature. The Landauer approach shows in a direct way the particle statistics independence of the energy and entropy fluxes of a black hole radiating into vacuum, as well as one near thermal equilibrium with its environment. As an application of the Landauer approach, we show that Hawking radiation gives a net entropy production that is 50% larger than that obtained assuming standard three-dimensional emission into vacuum.