Quantum computing with nearest neighbor interactions and error rates over 1%

TL;DR

This paper presents a 2-D nearest neighbor quantum error correction method that tolerates error rates over 1%, representing a significant improvement in threshold error rates for geometrically constrained quantum systems.

Contribution

It introduces a quantum error correction procedure compatible with 2-D nearest neighbor interactions that achieves the highest threshold error rates to date under such constraints.

Findings

Maximum tolerable error rate ranges from 1.1% to 1.4% depending on the error model.

Achieves a 50% improvement over previous threshold error rates.

Supports scalable quantum computation with realistic physical constraints.

Abstract

Large-scale quantum computation will only be achieved if experimentally implementable quantum error correction procedures are devised that can tolerate experimentally achievable error rates. We describe a quantum error correction procedure that requires only a 2-D square lattice of qubits that can interact with their nearest neighbors, yet can tolerate quantum gate error rates over 1%. The precise maximum tolerable error rate depends on the error model, and we calculate values in the range 1.1--1.4% for various physically reasonable models. Even the lowest value represents the highest threshold error rate calculated to date in a geometrically constrained setting, and a 50% improvement over the previous record.