Collective Flows in a Transport Approach

TL;DR

This paper presents a transport model with fixed shear viscosity to entropy ratio to analyze collective flow development in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, emphasizing the impact of temperature-dependent viscosity and chiral dynamics.

Contribution

It introduces a covariant transport approach at fixed shear viscosity ratio applicable at large deviations from equilibrium and intermediate transverse momentum.

Findings

Temperature-dependent $ as$ enhances $v_4/v_2^2$ at RHIC energies.

Chiral dynamics does not alter the $v_2$ and $ as$ relation.

Transport theory remains valid at large $ as$ and non-equilibrium conditions.

Abstract

We introduce a transport approach at fixed shear viscosity to entropy ratio $\etas$ to study the generation of collective flows in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Transport theory supplies a covariant approach valid also at large $\etas$ and at intermediate transverse momentum $p_T$, where deviations from equilibrium is no longer negligible. Such an approach shows that at RHIC energies a temperature dependent $\etas$ enhances significantly the $v_4/v_2^2$ respect to the case of constant $\etas$. Furthermore if NJL chiral dynamics is self-consistently implemented we show that it does not modify the relation between $v_2$ and $\etas$.