XMM-Newton detection of the supernova remnant G304.6+0.1 (Kes 17)

TL;DR

This study provides the first detailed X-ray analysis of supernova remnant G304.6+0.1 using XMM-Newton, revealing its thermal plasma nature, complex morphology, and interaction with surrounding molecular clouds, classifying it as a mixed-morphology SNR.

Contribution

First detailed X-ray characterization of G304.6+0.1, combining multi-wavelength data to understand its structure, environment, and classification as a mixed-morphology supernova remnant.

Findings

X-ray morphology shows extended, arc-like structure.

Spectral analysis indicates thermal plasma with possible non-thermal components.

Remnant interacts with dense molecular clouds, suggesting a non-uniform environment.

Abstract

Aims. We report the first detailed X-ray study of the supernova remnant (SNR) G304.6+0.1, achieved with the XMM-Newton mission. Methods. The powerful imaging capability of XMM-Newton was used to study the X-ray characteristics of the remnant at different energy ranges. The X-ray morphology and spectral properties were analyzed. In addittion, radio and mid-infrared data obtained with the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope and the Spitzer Space Telescope were used to study the association with the detected X-ray emission and to understand the structure of the SNR at differents wavelengths. Results. The SNR shows an extended and arc-like internal structure in the X-ray band with out a compact point-like source inside the remnant. We find a high column density of NH in the range 2.5-3.5x1022 cm-2, which supports a relatively distant location (d $\geq$ 9.7 kpc). The X-ray spectrum exhibits at least three emission lines, indicating that the X-ray emission has a thin thermal plasma origin, although a non-thermal contribution cannot be discarded. The spectra of three different regions (north, center and south) are well represented by a combination of a non-equilibrium ionization (PSHOCK) and a power-law (PL) model. The mid-infrared observations show a bright filamentary structure along the north-south direction coincident with the NW radio shell. This suggests that Kes 17 is propagating in a non-uniform environment with high density and that the shock front is interacting with several adjacent massive molecular clouds. The good correspondence of radio and mid-infrared emissions suggests that the filamentary features are caused by shock compression. The X-ray characteristics and well-known radio parameters indicate that G304.6+0.1 is a middle-aged SNR (2.8-6.4)x104 yr old and a new member of the recently proposed group of mixed-morphology SNRs.