Einstein's action and the harmonic gauge in terms of Newtonian fields
Barak Kol, Michael Smolkin

TL;DR
This paper reformulates Einstein's gravitational action using Newtonian fields within the harmonic gauge, providing simplified expressions and exploring alternative gauge choices for better understanding in the post-Newtonian regime.
Contribution
It derives the full Einstein-Hilbert action in terms of Newtonian fields and harmonic gauge, offering new simplified expressions and discussing alternative gauges.
Findings
Derived the Einstein-Hilbert action in Newtonian variables.
Presented simplified expressions for the action and gauge fixing.
Explored alternatives to the harmonic gauge.
Abstract
The "Newtonian" or non-relativistic decomposition of Einstein's gravitational field is useful in the post-Newtonian approximation. We obtain the full non-quadratic Einstein-Hilbert action in terms of these fields as well as the harmonic gauge fixing term and find fairly simple expressions. We discuss alternatives to the harmonic gauge.
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