YORP effect with anisotropic radiation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how different optical scattering and thermal radiation models affect the YORP effect, finding that combined contributions are similar across models despite differences in reflectivity functions.

Contribution

It compares various scattering and emission laws, revealing their impact on the YORP effect and showing that combined effects are consistent across models.

Findings

Combined scattering and thermal radiation contributions to YORP are similar across models.

Differences in reflectivity functions significantly affect YORP in attitude at high albedo.

Lambertian and Hapke models yield comparable mean torques despite differences in reflectivity.

Abstract

The influence of optical scattering and thermal radiation models an the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack (YORP) effect is studied. Lambertian formulation is compared with Hapke scattering and emission laws and Lommel-Seeliger reflection. Although the form of reflectivity function strongly influences mean torques due to scattering or thermal radiation alone, their combined contribution to the rotation period YORP is not much different from the standard Lambertian values. For higher albedo values the differences between the Hapke and Lambert models become significant for the YORP in attitude.