TL;DR
This paper reviews the key challenges and current understanding of extreme star formation in starbursts and super star clusters, focusing on initial mass functions, efficiencies, and feedback mechanisms.
Contribution
It identifies critical open problems in the physics of extreme star formation and highlights future observational directions for the next decade.
Findings
Star formation in extreme environments involves complex feedback processes.
Understanding initial mass functions is crucial for modeling starburst regions.
Future observations will focus on cluster formation and survival mechanisms.
Abstract
Extreme star formation includes star formation in starbursts and regions forming super star clusters. We survey the current problems in our understanding of the star formation process in starbursts and super star clusters - initial mass functions, cluster mass functions, star formation efficiencies, and radiative feedback into molecular clouds - that are critical to our understanding of the formation and survival of large star clusters, topics that will be the drivers of the observations of the next decade.
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