Cost-effective way to enhance the capabilities of the LCLS baseline

TL;DR

This paper proposes a compact single-bunch self-seeding scheme with a crystal monochromator to produce fully-coherent, high-power X-ray pulses at LCLS, enabling advanced polarization control, beam deflection, and femtosecond time-resolved experiments.

Contribution

Introduction of a novel, compact self-seeding method using a crystal monochromator to enhance LCLS hard X-ray FEL capabilities.

Findings

Produces fully-coherent 100 GW X-ray pulses

Enables full polarization control of the X-ray beam

Facilitates femtosecond time-resolved pump-probe experiments

Abstract

This paper discusses the potential for enhancing the LCLS hard X-ray FEL capabilities. In the hard X-ray regime, a high longitudinal coherence will be the key to such performance upgrade. The method considered here to obtain high longitudinal coherence is based on a novel single-bunch self-seeding scheme exploiting a single crystal monochromator, which is extremely compact and can be straightforwardly installed in the LCLS baseline undulator. We present simulation results dealing with the LCLS hard X-ray FEL, and show that this method can produce fully-coherent X-ray pulses at 100 GW power level. With the radiation beam monochromatized down to the Fourier transform limit, a variety of very different techniques leading to further improvements of the LCLS performance become feasible. In particular, we describe an efficient way for obtaining full polarization control at the LCLS hard X-ray FEL. We also propose to exploit crystals in the Bragg reflection geometry as movable deflectors for the LCLS X-ray transport systems. The hard X-ray beam can be deflected of an angle of order of a radian without perturbations. The monochromatization of the output radiation constitutes the key for reaching such result. Finally, we describe a new optical pump - hard X-ray probe technique which will allow time-resolved studies at the LCLS baseline on the femtosecond time scale. The principle of operation of the proposed scheme is essentially based on the use of the time jitter between pump and probe pulses. This eliminates the need for timing XFELs to high-power conventional lasers with femtosecond accuracy.