Athermal jamming of soft frictionless Platonic solids

TL;DR

This study investigates the jamming behavior of frictionless Platonic solids, revealing how shape, order, and contact topology influence packing density, correlations, and mechanical stability in athermal conditions.

Contribution

It provides the first comprehensive analysis of athermal jamming in Platonic solids, highlighting shape-dependent thresholds, correlations, and hypostatic packing behaviors.

Findings

Jamming threshold for tetrahedra is approximately 0.623, consistent with experiments.

Packings of large systems show short-range correlations and disordered contacts.

Power-law exponents depend on contact topology, with values 6, 4, and 2 for different contact types.

Abstract

A mechanically-based structural optimization method is utilized to explore the phenomena of jamming for assemblies of frictionless Platonic solids. Systems of these regular convex polyhedra exhibit mechanically stable phases with density substantially less than optimal for a given shape, revealing that thermal motion is necessary to access high density phases. We confirm that the large system jamming threshold of $0.623 \pm 0.003$ for tetrahedra is consistent with experiments on tetrahedral dice. Also, the extremely short-ranged translational correlations of packed tetrahedra observed in experiments are confirmed here, in contrast with those of thermally simulated glasses. Though highly ordered phases are observed to form for small numbers of cubes and dodecahedra, the short correlation length scale suppresses ordering in large systems, resulting in packings that are mechanically consistent with `orientationally disordered' contacts (point-face and edge-edge contacts). Mild nematic ordering is observed for large systems of cubes, whereas angular correlations for the remaining shapes are ultra short-ranged. Power-law scaling exponents for energy with respect to distance from the jamming threshold exhibit a clear dependence on the `highest order' percolating contact topology. These nominal exponents are 6, 4, and 2 for configurations having percolating point-face (or edge-edge), edge-face, and face-face contacts, respectively. These Platonic solids exhibit hypostatic behavior, with average jamming contact number between the isostatic value for spheres and that of asymmetric particles. These shapes violate the isostatic conjecture, displaying contact number that decreases monotonically with sphericity. The common symmetry of dual polyhedra results in local translational structural similarity. (Note abstract abridged due to length constraint)