Conformal anomaly around the sudden singularity

TL;DR

This paper examines how quantum conformal anomalies influence sudden future singularities, revealing that they can transform such singularities into more severe types depending on the equation of state parameter.

Contribution

It demonstrates that conformal anomaly effects can change the nature of sudden singularities into type III, I, or big crunch singularities based on the equation of state parameter.

Findings

Conformal anomaly can convert sudden singularities into type III for certain parameters.

For specific equations of state, anomalies lead to big rip or big crunch singularities.

Quantum effects do not prevent but modify the nature of future singularities.

Abstract

Quantum effects due to particle creation on a classical sudden singularity have been investigated in a previous work. The conclusion was that quantum effects do not lead to the avoidance nor the modification of the sudden future singularity. In this paper, we investigate quantum corrections coming from conformal anomaly near the sudden future singularity. We conclude that when the equation of state is chosen to be $p=-\rho-A\rho^\alpha$, the conformal anomaly can transform the sudden singularity in the singularity of type III for any $\alpha> 1/2$ and in the singularity of the type I (the big rip) or the big crunch for $1/2<\alpha<3/2$.