The p=0 condensate is a myth

TL;DR

This paper challenges the conventional belief in the existence of a zero-momentum condensate in superfluid systems like liquid helium-4 and trapped Bose gases, arguing it is a myth based on analysis of two-boson dynamics.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical critique showing that the p=0 condensate does not exist in superfluid states, contradicting common assumptions.

Findings

Conventional p=0 condensate belief is unfounded

Analysis of two-boson dynamics undermines the condensate concept

Implications for understanding superfluidity and BEC

Abstract

Analyzing some of the basic aspects of the dynamics of two bosons (interacting through a central force) and their importance in determining the ground state of a system like liquid $^4He$, it is unequivocally concluded that our conventional belief in the existence $p=0$ condensate in the superfluid state of such systems [including the state of Bose Einstein condensate (BEC) of trapped dilute gases] is a myth.