Stability in a population model without random deaths by the Verhulst factor

TL;DR

This paper explores population stability without relying on the Verhulst factor by demonstrating steady states in the Penna aging model, challenging traditional reliance on carrying capacity in biological modeling.

Contribution

It introduces a Verhulst-free population stability mechanism using the Penna model, removing the need for the carrying capacity parameter.

Findings

Stable populations achieved without Verhulst factor

Population stability depends on mutation threshold and reproduction age

Demonstrates alternative approach to resource-based population models

Abstract

A large amount of population models use the concept of a carrying capacity. Simulated populations are bounded by invoking finite resources through a survival probability, commonly referred to as the Verhulst factor. The fact, however, that resources are not easily accounted for in actual biological systems makes the carrying capacity parameter ill-defined. Henceforth, we deem it essential to consider cases for which the parameter is unnecessary. This work demonstrates the possibility of Verhulst-free steady states using the Penna aging model, with one semelparous birth per adult. Stable populations are obtained by setting a mutation threshold that is higher than the reproduction age.