The variety of stable vortical solitons in Ginzburg-Landau media with radially inhomogeneous losses

TL;DR

This paper investigates the stabilization of various vortex solitons in Ginzburg-Landau media with radially inhomogeneous losses, revealing new vortex types and stability domains through combined analytical and numerical methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach combining variation approximation and simulations to identify stable vortex solitons in media with inhomogeneous gain-loss profiles.

Findings

Stability domains for multiple vortex soliton types identified

Discovery of novel vortex structures like spinning elliptic and crescent vortices

Demonstration of stabilization mechanisms in inhomogeneous media

Abstract

Using a combination of the variation approximation (VA) and direct simulations, we consider the light transmission in nonlinearly amplified bulk media, taking into account the localization of the gain, i.e., the linear loss shaped as a parabolic function of the transverse radius, with a minimum at the center. The balance of the transverse diffraction, self-focusing, gain, and the inhomogeneous loss provide for the hitherto elusive stabilization of vortex solitons in a large zone of the parameter space. Adjacent to it, stability domains are found for several novel kinds of localized vortices, including spinning elliptically shaped ones, eccentric elliptic vortices which feature double rotation, spinning crescents, and breathing vortices.