Scheme for generation of fully-coherent, TW power level hard X-ray pulses from baseline undulators at the European X-ray FEL

TL;DR

This paper proposes a cascade self-seeding scheme with wake monochromators for the European XFEL, enabling fully-coherent, high-power hard X-ray pulses with unprecedented brightness and potential applications in advanced scientific fields.

Contribution

It introduces a novel, compact self-seeding scheme with wake monochromators for baseline undulators, significantly enhancing coherence and power of X-ray FELs.

Findings

Achieves complete longitudinal and transverse coherence in X-ray pulses.

Provides peak brightness three orders of magnitude higher than current sources.

Generates TW-level peak power and kW average power in hard X-ray regime.

Abstract

The most promising way to increase the output power of an X-ray FEL (XFEL) is by tapering the magnetic field of the undulator. Also, significant increase in power is achievable by starting the FEL process from a monochromatic seed rather than from noise. This report proposes to make use of a cascade self-seeding scheme with wake monochromators in a tunable-gap baseline undulator at the European XFEL to create a source capable of delivering coherent radiation of unprecedented characteristics at hard X-ray wavelengths. Compared with SASE X-ray FEL parameters, the radiation from the new source has three truly unique aspects: complete longitudinal and transverse coherence, and a peak brightness three orders of magnitude higher than what is presently available at LCLS. Additionally, the new source will generate hard X-ray beam at extraordinary peak (TW) and average (kW) power level. The proposed source can thus revolutionize fields like single biomolecule imaging, inelastic scattering and nuclear resonant scattering. The self-seeding scheme with the wake monochromator is extremely compact, and takes almost no cost and time to be implemented. The upgrade proposed in this paper could take place during the commissioning stage of the European XFEL, opening a vast new range of applications from the very beginning of operations. We present feasibility study and examplifications for the SASE2 line of the European XFEL.