Filtering out the cosmological constant in the Palatini formalism of modified gravity

TL;DR

This paper proposes a modified gravity model in the Palatini formalism that effectively filters out the large cosmological constant, allowing standard cosmological evolution without fine-tuning, and also works in black hole environments.

Contribution

It introduces a novel Palatini formalism-based filter mechanism that neutralizes the cosmological constant's effects in cosmology and black hole metrics.

Findings

The filter allows standard cosmological evolution despite a large CC.

The filter mechanism is effective during radiation, matter, and de Sitter epochs.

It also functions in Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole environments.

Abstract

According to theoretical physics the cosmological constant (CC) is expected to be much larger in magnitude than other energy densities in the universe, which is in stark contrast to the observed Big Bang evolution. We address this old CC problem not by introducing an extremely fine-tuned counterterm, but in the context of modified gravity in the Palatini formalism. In our model the large CC term is filtered out, and it does not prevent a standard cosmological evolution. We discuss the filter effect in the epochs of radiation and matter domination as well as in the asymptotic de Sitter future. The final expansion rate can be much lower than inferred from the large CC without using a fine-tuned counterterm. Finally, we show that the CC filter works also in the Kottler (Schwarzschild-de Sitter) metric describing a black hole environment with a CC compatible to the future de Sitter cosmos.