Time-resolved measurement of Landau--Zener tunneling in different bases

TL;DR

This study investigates Landau--Zener tunneling in a Bose--Einstein condensate within a tilted periodic potential, using time-resolved measurements in different bases to compare experimental results with theoretical models.

Contribution

It introduces a method to measure tunneling probabilities in both adiabatic and diabatic bases experimentally and numerically, providing insights into tunneling dynamics in ultracold atoms.

Findings

Successful time-resolved measurement of Landau--Zener tunneling.

Comparison of experimental data with two-state Landau--Zener models.

Analysis of tunneling probabilities in different bases.

Abstract

A comprehensive study of the tunneling dynamics of a Bose--Einstein condensate in a tilted periodic potential is presented. We report numerical and experimental results on time-resolved measurements of the Landau--Zener tunneling of ultracold atoms introduced by the tilt, which experimentally is realized by accelerating the lattice. The use of different protocols enables us to access the tunneling probability, numerically as well as experimentally, in two different bases, namely, the adiabatic basis and the diabatic basis. The adiabatic basis corresponds to the eigenstates of the lattice, and the diabatic one to the free-particle momentum eigenstates. Our numerical and experimental results are compared with existing two-state Landau--Zener models.