Internal Space-time Symmetries according to Einstein, Wigner, Dirac, and Feynman

TL;DR

This paper explores how internal space-time variables of particles, such as spin and quark structures, transform under Lorentz symmetry, integrating insights from Einstein, Wigner, Dirac, and Feynman to develop a consistent internal symmetry framework.

Contribution

It synthesizes the contributions of Einstein, Wigner, Dirac, and Feynman to propose a unified picture of internal space-time symmetries consistent with Lorentz covariance.

Findings

Internal variables can be transformed according to Lorentz laws

A unified framework for internal space-time symmetry is proposed

The approach aligns with established relativistic principles

Abstract

When Einstein formulated his special relativity in 1905, he established the law of Lorentz transformations for point particles. It is now known that particles have internal space-time structures. Particles, such as photons and electrons, have spin variables. Protons and other hadrons are regarded as bound states of more fundamental particles called quarks which have their internal variables. It is still one of the most outstanding problems whether these internal space-time variables are transformed according to Einstein's law of Lorentz transformations. It is noted that Wigner, Dirac, and Feynman made important contributions to this problem. By integrating their efforts, it is then shown possible to construct a picture of the internal space-time symmetry consistent with Einstein's Lorentz covariance.