Transmit Energy Focusing for DOA Estimation in MIMO Radar with Colocated Antennas

TL;DR

This paper introduces a transmit energy focusing method for MIMO radar that enhances direction finding accuracy and reduces computational cost by combining beamforming with subspace techniques like MUSIC and ESPRIT.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel transmit beamforming approach that improves DOA estimation in MIMO radar by enabling search-free techniques and achieving lower Cramer-Rao bounds.

Findings

Improved DOA estimation accuracy with energy focusing.

Reduced computational complexity compared to existing methods.

Achieved lower Cramer-Rao bounds in simulations.

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a transmit beamspace energy focusing technique for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with application to direction finding for multiple targets. The general angular directions of the targets are assumed to be located within a certain spatial sector. We focus the energy of multiple (two or more) transmitted orthogonal waveforms within that spatial sector using transmit beamformers which are designed to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain at each receive antenna. The subspace decomposition-based techniques such as MUSIC can then be used for direction finding for multiple targets. Moreover, the transmit beamformers can be designed so that matched-filtering the received data to the waveforms yields multiple (two or more) data sets with rotational invariance property that allows applying search-free direction finding techniques such as ESPRIT for two data sets or parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) for more than two data sets. Unlike previously reported MIMO radar ESPRIT/PARAFAC-based direction finding techniques, our method achieves the rotational invariance property in a different manner combined also with the transmit energy focusing. As a result, it achieves better estimation performance at lower computational cost. Particularly, the proposed technique leads to lower Cramer-Rao bound than the existing techniques due to the transmit energy focusing capability. Simulation results also show the superiority of the proposed technique over the existing techniques.