A spectroscopic survey of faint, high-Galactic-latitude red clump stars. I. The high resolution sample

TL;DR

This spectroscopic survey provides high-resolution, multi-epoch radial velocities and atmospheric parameters for faint, high-Galactic-latitude red clump stars, enhancing understanding of Galactic structure and kinematics.

Contribution

It offers the first large, high-quality dataset of faint RC stars with precise measurements, including multi-epoch velocities and atmospheric parameters, over a wide area at high Galactic latitudes.

Findings

Radial velocity accuracy of < 0.4 km/s

Atmospheric parameter uncertainties: 68 K in Teff, 0.11 dex in log g

Confirmed that local RC star absolute magnitude is metallicity-independent

Abstract

Context: Their high intrinsic brightness and small dispersion in absolute magnitude make red clump (RC) stars a prime tracer of Galactic structure and kinematics. Aims: We aim to derive accurate, multi-epoch radial velocities and atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, [M/H], Vrot sin i) of a large sample of carefully selected RC stars, fainter than those present in other spectroscopic surveys and located over a great circle at high Galactic latitudes. Methods: We acquired data of the program stars of high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and high resolution with the Asiago Echelle spectrograph. Radial velocities were obtained by applying cross-correlation and atmospheric parameters via chi2 fit to a synthetic spectral library. Extensive tests were carried out by re-observing with the same instrument a large number of standard stars taken from a variety of sources in the literature. During these tests, we found that the absolute Tycho VT magnitude of local red clump stars is not dependent on metallicity. Results: A total of 277 red clump stars (101 of them with a second epoch observation) of the extended solar neighborhood and 55 calibration stars were observed and included in an output catalog that contains (in addition to relevant support astrometric and photometric data taken from literature) the main output of our survey: accurate multi-epoch radial velocities (sigma(RV)=< 0.4 km/s), accurate atmospheric parameters (sigma(Teff)=68 K, sigma(log g)=0.11 dex, sigma([M/H])=0.10 dex, sigma(Vrot sin i)=1.1 km/sec), distances, and space velocities (U,V,W).