Dynamical parton distributions and weak-gauge and Higgs boson production at hadron colliders at NNLO of QCD

TL;DR

This paper computes NNLO (3-loop) dynamical parton distributions of the nucleon, compares them with standard distributions, and applies them to predict gauge boson and Higgs boson production at hadron colliders, improving accuracy and stability.

Contribution

It introduces NNLO dynamical parton distributions generated radiatively from valencelike inputs and compares them with standard distributions, enhancing precision in collider predictions.

Findings

NNLO corrections improve fit quality (.9 hi^2_{NLO})

Dynamical NNLO uncertainties are smaller than NLO

Predictions for gauge boson and Higgs production are more accurate at NNLO

Abstract

We determine at NNLO (3-loop) of QCD the dynamical parton distributions of the nucleon generated radiatively from valencelike positive input distributions at an optimally chosen low resolution scale (Q_0^2<1 GeV^2) by employing the "fixed flavor number factorization scheme" (FFNS). These are compared with "standard" NNLO distributions, generated at some fixed and higher resolution scale (Q_0^2>1 GeV^2). The NNLO corrections imply in both approaches an improved value of \chi^2, typically \chi^2_{NNLO} \sim 0.9\chi^2_{NLO}. The dynamical NNLO uncertainties are somewhat smaller than the NLO ones and both are, as expected, smaller than those of their "standard" counterparts. The dynamical predictions for F_L(x,Q^2) become perturbatively stable already at Q^2 = 2 - 3 GeV^2, where precision measurements could even delineate NNLO effects in the very small-x region. Using these NNLO dynamical parton distributions in the FFNS as input, we generate radiatively parton distributions in the "variable flavor number factorization scheme" (VFNS) as well, where also the heavy quark flavors (c,b,t) become massless partons within the nucleon. Only within the VFNS are NNLO calculations feasible at present, since the required partonic subprocesses are available only in the approximation of massless initial-state partons. The NNLO predictions for gauge boson production are typically larger (by more than 1 sigma) than the NLO ones, and rates at LHC energies can be predicted with an accuracy of about 5%, whereas at Tevatron they are more than 2 sigma above the NLO ones. The NNLO predictions for SM Higgs boson production via the dominant gluon fusion process have a total (PDFs and scale) uncertainty of about 10% at LHC which almost doubles at the lower Tevatron energies; these predictions are typically about 20% larger than the ones at NLO but the total uncertainty bands overlap.