A hopping mechanism for cargo transport by molecular motors in crowded microtubules

TL;DR

This paper proposes a novel hopping mechanism model for cargo transport along microtubules, explaining bidirectional movement driven by motors of a single polarity in crowded environments.

Contribution

It introduces a new cargo hopping model based on motor transference, providing insights into bidirectional movement without requiring motors of opposite polarity.

Findings

Cargo can exhibit bidirectional movement with single-polarity motors.

The model maps to an asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP).

Long-time behavior analyzed using matrix ansatz.

Abstract

Most models designed to study the bidirectional movement of cargos as they are driven by molecular motors rely on the idea that motors of different polarities can be coordinated by external agents if arranged into a motor-cargo complex to perform the necessary work [gross04]. Although these models have provided us with important insights into these phenomena, there are still many unanswered questions regarding the mechanisms through which the movement of the complex takes place on crowded microtubules. For example (i) how does cargo-binding affect motor motility? and in connection with that - (ii) how does the presence of other motors (and also other cargos) on the microtubule affect the motility of the motor-cargo complex? We discuss these questions from a different perspective. The movement of a cargo is conceived here as a hopping process resulting from the transference of cargo between neighboring motors. In the light of this, we examine the conditions under which cargo might display bidirectional movement even if directed by motors of a single polarity. The global properties of the model in the long-time regime are obtained by mapping the dynamics of the collection of interacting motors and cargos into an asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) which can be resolved using the matrix ansatz introduced by Derrida [Derrida et al].