Lifetime of 26S and a limit for its 2p decay energy

TL;DR

This paper combines theoretical modeling and experimental searches to investigate the properties and decay energy limits of the unknown isotope 26S, suggesting it likely has a very short lifetime and establishing upper bounds on its decay energy.

Contribution

It introduces a new theoretical approach for three-body decay calculations and provides experimental limits on the lifetime and decay energy of 26S.

Findings

No 26S events observed in experiments.

Established an upper half-life limit of 79 ns for 26S.

Set a decay energy limit of 640 keV for 26S.

Abstract

Unknown isotope 26S, expected to decay by two-proton (2p) emission, was studied theoretically and was searched experimentally. The structure of this nucleus was examined within the relativistic mean field (RMF) approach. A method for taking into account the many-body structure in the three-body decay calculations was developed. The results of the RMF calculations were used as an input for the three-cluster decay model worked out to study a possible 2p decay branch of this nucleus. The experimental search for 26S was performed in fragmentation reactions of a 50.3 A MeV 32S beam. No events of 26S or 25P (a presumably proton-unstable subsystem of 26S) were observed. Based on the obtained production systematics an upper half-life limit of T_{1/2}<79 ns was established from the time-of-flight through the fragment separator. Together with the theoretical lifetime estimates for two-proton decay this gives a decay energy limit of Q_{2p}>640 keV for 26S. Analogous limits for 25P are found as T_{1/2}<38 ns and Q_{p}>110 keV. In the case that the one-proton emission is the main branch of the 26S decay a limit Q_{2p}>230 keV would follow for this nucleus. It is likely that 26S resides in the picosecond lifetime range and the further search for this isotope is prospective for the decay-in-flight technique.