Effects of Geometrical Symmetry on the Vortex Nucleation and Penetration in Mesoscopic Superconductors

TL;DR

This paper explores how the geometrical symmetry of mesoscopic superconductors influences vortex nucleation and penetration, revealing that symmetry determines hot spot locations and vortex behavior, with implications for controlling quantum states.

Contribution

It demonstrates the role of geometrical symmetry in vortex dynamics using self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, offering a new way to manipulate quantum states in superconductors.

Findings

Vortex entry occurs when current density at hot spots reaches depairing current.

Geometrical symmetry influences the spatial distribution of hot spots and vortex nucleation.

Results suggest experimental methods to control quantum states via sample geometry.

Abstract

We investigate how the geometrical symmetry affects the penetration and arrangement of vortices in mesoscopic superconductors using self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. We find that the entrance of the vortex happens when the current density at the hot spots reaches the depairing current density. Through determining the spatial distribution of hot spots, the geometrical symmetry of the superconducting sample influences the nucleation and entrance of vortices. Our results propose one possible experimental approach to control and manipulate the quantum states of mesoscopic superconductors with their topological geometries, and they can be easily generalized to the confined superfluids and Bose-Einstein condensates.