Synchrotron radiation by fast fermions in heavy-ion collisions

TL;DR

This paper investigates gluon synchrotron radiation by fast quarks in strong magnetic fields during heavy-ion collisions, predicting significant energy loss, jet quenching, and quark polarization effects that could confirm magnetic field presence.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed calculation of gluon synchrotron radiation energy loss and predicts observable polarization effects in heavy-ion collision environments.

Findings

Energy loss per unit length is a few GeV per fm for light quarks at LHC.

Jet quenching can occur for particles with transverse momentum up to 20 GeV.

Strong quark and lepton polarization is predicted due to spin-flip transitions.

Abstract

We study the synchrotron radiation of gluons by fast quarks in strong magnetic field produced by colliding relativistic heavy-ions. We argue that due to high electric conductivity of plasma, time variation of the magnetic field is slow and estimate its relaxation time. We calculate the energy loss due to synchrotron radiation of gluons by fast quarks. We find that the typical energy loss per unit length for a light quark at LHC is a few GeV per fm. This effect alone predicts quenching of jets with $p_\bot$ up to about 20 GeV. We also show that the spin-flip transition effect accompanying the synchrotron radiation leads to a strong polarization of quarks and leptons with respect to the direction of the magnetic field. Observation of the lepton polarization may provide a direct evidence of existence of strong magnetic field in heavy-ion collisions.