Holographic superfluids as duals of rotating black strings

TL;DR

This paper investigates holographic superfluids dual to rotating black strings in Anti-de Sitter space, analyzing how angular momentum and superfluid velocity influence the order of phase transitions in the boundary theory.

Contribution

It reveals the dependence of phase transition order on angular momentum and superfluid velocity in holographic superfluids related to rotating black strings.

Findings

Second-order phase transition at low angular momentum and superfluid velocity.

Transition to first-order phase transition at higher superfluid velocities.

Always first-order above a critical angular momentum, regardless of superfluid velocity.

Abstract

We study the breaking of an Abelian symmetry close to the horizon of an uncharged rotating Anti-de Sitter black string in 3+1 dimensions. The boundary theory living on R^2 x S^1 has no rotation, but a magnetic field that is aligned with the axis of the black string. This boundary theory decribes non-rotating (2+1)-dimensional holographic superfluids with non-vanishing superfluid velocity. We study these superfluids in the grand canonical ensemble and show that for sufficiently small angular momentum of the dual black string and sufficiently small superfluid velocity the phase transition is 2nd order, while it becomes 1st order for larger superfluid velocity. Moreover, we observe that the phase transition is always 1st order above a critical value of the angular momentum independent of the choice of the superfluid velocity.