Approximate gauge symmetry of composite vector bosons

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that composite vector bosons, formed from fermions or bosons, exhibit approximate gauge symmetry in the strong binding limit, with insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential implications for fundamental symmetries.

Contribution

It extends the understanding of approximate gauge symmetry in composite vector bosons from fermion pairs to bosonic constituents using a functional formalism.

Findings

Composite vector bosons approach gauge couplings at strong binding.

The functional formalism clarifies the mechanism behind approximate gauge symmetry.

Remarks on relevance to electroweak and higher symmetries are included.

Abstract

It can be shown in a solvable field theory model that the couplings of the composite vector bosons made of a fermion pair approach the gauge couplings in the limit of strong binding. Although this phenomenon may appear accidental and special to the vector boson made of a fermion pair, we extend it to the case of bosons being constituents and find that the same phenomenon occurs in more an intriguing way. The functional formalism not only facilitates computation but also provides us with a better insight into the generating mechanism of approximate gauge symmetry, in particular, how the strong binding and global current conservation conspire to generate such an approximate symmetry. Remarks are made on its possible relevance or irrelevance to electroweak and higher symmetries.