Coined quantum walks on percolation graphs

TL;DR

This paper investigates how coined quantum walks behave on percolation lattices with missing edges or sites, revealing how disorder affects quantum spreading and introducing fractional scaling phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a numerical study of coined quantum walks on disordered percolation lattices, including a simple quantum tunneling model in 1D and analysis of spreading rates in 2D.

Findings

Quantum tunneling influences 1D walk spreading.

Spreading rate decreases to zero near percolation threshold.

Demonstrates fractional scaling in quantum walk dynamics.

Abstract

Quantum walks, both discrete (coined) and continuous time, form the basis of several quantum algorithms and have been used to model processes such as transport in spin chains and quantum chemistry. The enhanced spreading and mixing properties of quantum walks compared with their classical counterparts have been well-studied on regular structures and also shown to be sensitive to defects and imperfections in the lattice. As a simple example of a disordered system, we consider percolation lattices, in which edges or sites are randomly missing, interrupting the progress of the quantum walk. We use numerical simulation to study the properties of coined quantum walks on these percolation lattices in one and two dimensions. In one dimension (the line) we introduce a simple notion of quantum tunneling and determine how this affects the properties of the quantum walk as it spreads. On two-dimensional percolation lattices, we show how the spreading rate varies from linear in the number of steps down to zero, as the percolation probability decreases to the critical point. This provides an example of fractional scaling in quantum walk dynamics.