The edge of the young Galactic disc

TL;DR

This paper reports the discovery of young stellar groups at galactocentric distances of 15-20 kpc, challenging the traditional view of a sharp Galactic disc cut-off at 14 kpc and suggesting the disc extends further.

Contribution

It provides the first optical detection of young stars beyond 14 kpc, indicating a more extended Galactic disc than previously thought.

Findings

Detection of young stars at 15-20 kpc from Galactic center.

Challenges the traditional disc cut-off at 14 kpc.

Supports the existence of extended spiral arms.

Abstract

In this work we report and discuss the detection of two distant diffuse stellar groups in the third Galactic quadrant. They are composed of young stars, with spectral types ranging from late O to late B, and lie at galactocentric distances between 15 and 20 kpc. These groups are located in the area of two cataloged open clusters (VdB-Hagen~04 and Ruprecht~30), projected towards the Vela-Puppis constellations, and within the core of the Canis Major over-density. Their reddening and distance has been estimated analyzing their color-color and color-magnitude diagrams, derived from deep $UBV$ photometry. The existence of young star aggregates at such extreme distances from the Galactic center challenges the commonly accepted scenario in which the Galactic disc has a sharp cut-off at about 14 kpc from the Galactic center, and indicates that it extends to much greater distances (as also supported by recent detection of CO molecular complexes well beyond this distance). While the groups we find in the area of Ruprecht~30 are compatible with the Orion and Norma-Cygnus spiral arms, respectively, the distant group we identify in the region of VdB-Hagen~4 lies in the external regions of the Norma-Cygnus arm, at a galactocentric distance ($\sim$20 kpc) where no young stars had been detected so far in the optical.