Entanglement and final state of a black hole under general unitary transformation

TL;DR

This paper investigates how a general unitary transformation affects the entanglement and final state of a black hole, revealing that entanglement can survive evaporation and that mixedness decreases under certain conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of black hole evolution under general unitary transformations, highlighting effects on entanglement and mixedness during evaporation.

Findings

Mixedness decreases with general unitary transformation for initially mixed states.

Mean fidelity at evaporation is smaller than quantum teleportation fidelity by inverse square of black hole states.

Entanglement fidelity is inversely proportional to the square of the Hilbert space dimension N.

Abstract

Final state of a black hole is studied by taking into account a general unitary evolution of a black hole matter state. It is found that the mixedness decreases under general unitary transformation when the initial matter state was in mixed state and the mean fidelity at the evaporation is smaller than the fidelity of the quantum teleportation by the factor of inverse square of the number of states of a black hole. The change of entanglement Alice-Bob pair at evaporation is also studied by calculating the entanglement fidelity and eigenvalues of the partial transposed block density matrix. We assumed that Alice fell onto the black hole when the hole was formed while Bob is maintaining the safe distance from the black hole. It is found that the entanglement fidelity is inversely proportional to the square of the Hilbert space dimension N and the entanglement can survive the evaporation process.