Evolution of Cooperation among Mobile Agents

TL;DR

This paper investigates how mobility influences cooperation among agents in social dilemmas, revealing that low velocities and small interaction radii can enhance cooperation, with optimal conditions depending on parameters like velocity and interaction radius.

Contribution

It introduces a model analyzing the impact of mobility and interaction radius on cooperation, identifying optimal conditions for cooperation in social dilemma games.

Findings

Cooperation is enhanced at low velocities and small interaction radii.

An optimal velocity exists for maximum cooperation at modest interaction radii.

Intermediate interaction radii and initial densities favor cooperation.

Abstract

We study the effects of mobility on the evolution of cooperation among mobile players, which imitate collective motion of biological flocks and interact with neighbors within a prescribed radius $R$. Adopting the prisoner's dilemma game and the snowdrift game as metaphors, we find that cooperation can be maintained and even enhanced for low velocities and small payoff parameters, when compared with the case that all agents do not move. But such enhancement of cooperation is largely determined by the value of $R$, and for modest values of $R$, there is an optimal value of velocity to induce the maximum cooperation level. Besides, we find that intermediate values of $R$ or initial population densities are most favorable for cooperation, when the velocity is fixed. Depending on the payoff parameters, the system can reach an absorbing state of cooperation when the snowdrift game is played. Our findings may help understanding the relations between individual mobility and cooperative behavior in social systems.