Mathematical Demonstration of Darwinian Theory of Evolution

TL;DR

This paper provides a mathematical demonstration that natural selection can produce complex biological features, exemplified by a spider eye, using a simple quantitative model based on randomness.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mathematical approach to validate Darwinian evolution, showing how natural selection can lead to complex structures through random variation.

Findings

Mathematical model confirms evolution by natural selection is feasible.

Simulation of spider eye development matches empirical measurements.

Supports Darwinian theory with quantitative evidence.

Abstract

Darwin's book, Origin of the Species has been a source of public controversy for more than hundred and fifty years. Court cases and mountains of words have not dispelled this controversy. In this paper, a quantitative approach using simple mathematics shows that the concept of evolution by natural selection using only random choice of variables does work. The procedure applied to the optical equations forming the phenotype of a spider eye produces an eye design modeled after the measurements by Land and Barth.