Single-shot qubit readout in circuit Quantum Electrodynamics

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a novel single-shot readout method for transmon qubits in circuit QED using a Josephson Bifurcation Amplifier, achieving high fidelity and preserving qubit coherence.

Contribution

Introduces a new transmon circuit with a Josephson Bifurcation Amplifier for fast, high-fidelity, single-shot qubit readout without additional relaxation.

Findings

Achieved Rabi oscillations with 94% visibility

Measured dephasing and relaxation times >0.5 μs

Demonstrated non-invasive two-measurement sequence

Abstract

The future development of quantum information using superconducting circuits requires Josephson qubits with long coherence times combined to a high-delity readout. Major progress in the control of coherence has recently been achieved using circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) architectures, where the qubit is embedded in a coplanar waveguide resonator (CPWR) which both provides a well controlled electromagnetic environment and serves as qubit readout. In particular a new qubit design, the transmon, yields reproducibly long coherence times. However, a high-delity single-shot readout of the transmon, highly desirable for running simple quantum algorithms or measuring quantum correlations in multi-qubit experiments, is still lacking. In this work, we demonstrate a new transmon circuit where the CPWR is turned into a sample-and-hold detector, namely a Josephson Bifurcation Amplifer (JBA), which allows both fast measurement and single-shot discrimination of the qubit states. We report Rabi oscillations with a high visibility of 94% together with dephasing and relaxation times longer than 0.5 $\mu$s. By performing two subsequent measurements, we also demonstrate that this new readout does not induce extra qubit relaxation.