A new approach to calculate the gluon polarization

TL;DR

This paper introduces a novel method using Laplace transforms to accurately extract the polarized gluon distribution from proton structure function data, simplifying the process of determining gluon polarization.

Contribution

It derives a leading-order master equation and applies Laplace-transform techniques to directly compute the polarized gluon distribution from experimental structure function data.

Findings

The method accurately reproduces the polarized gluon distribution.

Accurate g1p(x;Q^2) data suffices to determine gluon polarization.

The approach confirms the feasibility of extracting gluon polarization from existing data.

Abstract

We derive the Leading-Order master equation to extract the polarized gluon distribution G(x;Q^2) = x \deltag(x;Q^2) from polarized proton structure function, g1p(x;Q^2). By using a Laplace-transform technique, we solve the master equation and derive the polarized gluon distribution inside the proton. The test of accuracy which are based on our calculations with two different methods confirms that we achieve to the correct solution for the polarized gluon distribution. We show that accurate experimental knowledge of g1p(x;Q^2) in a region of Bjorken x and Q^2, is all that is needed to determine the polarized gluon distribution in that region. Therefore, to determine the gluon polarization \deltag /g,we only need to have accurate experimental data on un-polarized and polarized structure functions (F2p (x;Q^2) and g1p(x;Q^2)).