Hydrodynamic Models of Type I X-Ray Bursts: Metallicity Effects

TL;DR

This study models Type I X-ray bursts using detailed hydrodynamic simulations with extensive nuclear networks, examining how metallicity influences nucleosynthesis, burst characteristics, and physical parameters, aligning results with observations.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive 1D hydrodynamic analysis of X-ray bursts with an extensive nuclear network, exploring metallicity effects on nucleosynthesis and burst properties.

Findings

Metallicity affects the extent of the main nuclear flow.

Results align qualitatively with observed burst properties.

Leakage from the SbSnTe-cycle may occur in some models.

Abstract

Type I X-ray bursts are thermonuclear stellar explosions driven by charged-particle reactions. In the regime for combined H/He-ignition, the main nuclear flow is dominated by the rp-process (rapid proton-captures and beta+ decays), the 3 alpha-reaction, and the alpha-p-process (a suite of (alpha,p) and (p,gamma) reactions). The main flow is expected to proceed away from the valley of stability, eventually reaching the proton drip-line beyond A = 38. Detailed analysis of the relevant reactions along the main path has only been scarcely addressed, mainly in the context of parameterized one-zone models. In this paper, we present a detailed study of the nucleosynthesis and nuclear processes powering type I X-ray bursts. The reported 11 bursts have been computed by means of a spherically symmetric (1D), Lagrangian, hydrodynamic code, linked to a nuclear reaction network that contains 325 isotopes (from 1H to 107Te), and 1392 nuclear processes. These evolutionary sequences, followed from the onset of accretion up to the explosion and expansion stages, have been performed for 2 different metallicities to explore the dependence between the extension of the main nuclear flow and the initial metal content. We carefully analyze the dominant reactions and the products of nucleosynthesis, together with the the physical parameters that determine the light curve (including recurrence times, ratios between persistent and burst luminosities, or the extent of the envelope expansion). Results are in qualitative agreement with the observed properties of some well-studied bursting sources. Leakage from the predicted SbSnTe-cycle cannot be discarded in some of our models. Production of 12C (and implications for the mechanism that powers superbursts), light p-nuclei, and the amount of H left over after the bursting episodes will also be discussed.