Collectively enhanced quantum measurements at the Heisenberg limit

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that Heisenberg-limited quantum measurements can be achieved without entanglement by coupling quantum resources to a common environment, offering a robust alternative to traditional entanglement-based methods.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to reach the Heisenberg limit using environment coupling instead of entangled states, reducing complexity and decoherence issues.

Findings

Achieved Heisenberg-limited measurement scaling without entanglement

Method is robust under decoherence effects

Utilizes collective decoherence for enhanced measurement precision

Abstract

Quantum-enhanced measurements use quantum mechanical effects in order to enhance the sensitivity of the measurement of classical quantities, such as the length of an optical cavity. The major goal is to beat the standard quantum limit (SQL), i.e. a uncertainty of order 1/\sqrt{N}, where N is the number of quantum resources (e.g. the number of photons or atoms used), and to achieve a scaling 1/N, known as the Heisenberg limit. So far very few experiments have demonstrated an improvement over the SQL. The required quantum states are generally highly entangled, difficult to produce, and very prone to decoherence. Here we show that Heisenberg limited measurements can be achieved without the use of entangled states by coupling the quantum resources to a common environment which can be measured at least in part. The method is robust under decoherence, and in fact the parameter dependence of collective decoherence itself can be used to reach a 1/N scaling.