Systematics of central heavy ion collisions in the 1A GeV regime

TL;DR

This paper systematically investigates central heavy ion collisions at energies around 1A GeV using the FOPI detector, analyzing various observables and comparing results with previous data and transport models.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of collision dynamics and systematics across different nuclei and energies, enhancing understanding of nuclear matter behavior at these energies.

Findings

Cluster multiplicities vary with energy and system size.

Rapidity distributions reveal details of nuclear stopping.

Radial flow patterns are characterized across systems.

Abstract

Using the large acceptance apparatus FOPI, we study central collisions in the reactions (energies in A GeV are given in parentheses): 40Ca+40Ca (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.5, 1.93), 58Ni+58Ni (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), 96Ru+96Ru (0.4, 1.0, 1.5), 96Zr+96Zr (0.4, 1.0, 1.5), 129Xe+CsI (0.15, 0.25, 0.4), 197Au+197Au (0.09, 0.12, 0.15, 0.25, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.5). The observables include cluster multiplicities, longitudinal and transverse rapidity distributions and stopping, and radial flow. The data are compared to earlier data where possible and to transport model simulations.