$J/\psi$ and $\eta_{c}$ masses in isospin asymmetric hot nuclear matter - a QCD sum rule approach

TL;DR

This study uses QCD sum rules to analyze how the masses of $J/\psi$ and $\eta_c$ charmonium states change in hot, dense, and isospin asymmetric nuclear matter, with implications for heavy ion collision experiments.

Contribution

It introduces a method to calculate in-medium charmonium masses considering scalar and twist-2 gluon condensates within a chiral SU(3) model, accounting for isospin asymmetry, density, and temperature effects.

Findings

Mass modifications are significant at high densities.

Isospin asymmetry affects the mass shifts.

Results have implications for future heavy ion collision experiments.

Abstract

We study the in-medium masses of the charmonium states $J/\psi$ and $\eta_{c}$ in the nuclear medium using QCD sum rule approach. These mass modifications arise due to modifications of the scalar and the twist-2 gluon condensates in the hot hadronic matter. The scalar gluon condensate, $<\frac{\alpha_{s}}{\pi} G^a_{\mu\nu} {G^a}^{\mu\nu}>$ and the twist-2 tensorial gluon operator, $<\frac{\alpha_{s}}{\pi} G^a_{\mu\sigma} {{G^a}_\nu}^{\sigma}>$ in the nuclear medium are calculated from the medium modification of a scalar dilaton field introduced to incorporate trace anomaly of QCD within the chiral SU(3) model used in the present investigation. The effects of isospin asymmetry, density and temperature of the nuclear medium on the in-medium masses of the lowest charmonium states $J/\psi$ and $\eta_{c}$ mesons are investigated in the present work. The results of the present investigation are compared with the existing results on the masses of these states. The medium modifications of the masses of these charmonium states ($J/\psi$ and $\eta_c$) seem to be appreciable at high densities and should modify the experimental observables arising from the compressed baryonic matter produced in asymmetric heavy ion collision experiments at the future facility of FAIR, GSI.