Biased transport of elastic cytoskeletal filaments with alternating polarities by molecular motors

TL;DR

This paper introduces a model showing that elastic cytoskeletal filaments with alternating polarities can exhibit biased bidirectional movement due to tension effects, highlighting the importance of elasticity in motor dynamics.

Contribution

The study presents a simple elastic chain model demonstrating biased motion and tension effects in actin bundles with alternating polarities, a novel insight into cytoskeletal motor behavior.

Findings

Bi-polar chains can exhibit biased bidirectional motion with non-zero drift.

Elastic tension reduces motor attachment probability, depending on chain length.

Elasticity is crucial for understanding cooperative motor dynamics.

Abstract

We present a simple model for the bidirectional dynamics of actin bundles with alternating polarities in gliding assays with non-processive myosin motors. In the model, the bundle is represented as an elastic chain consisting of monomers with positive and negative polarities. The motion of the bundle is induced by the pulling forces of the underlying motors which stochastically attach to the monomers and, depending on the polarity of the monomers, pull them in the right or left direction. We demonstrate that perfectly a-polar chains consisting of equal numbers of monomers with positive and negative polarities may exhibit biased bidirectional motion with non-zero drift. This effect is attributed to the elastic tension developed in the chain due to the action of the myosin motors. We also show that as a result of this tension, the attachment probability of the motors is greatly reduced and becomes strongly dependent on the length of the chain. These surprising effects point to the necessity of considering the elasticity of the cytoskeleton in theoretical studies of cooperative dynamics of molecular motors.