Energy and Link Quality Based Routing for Data Gathering Tree in Wireless Sensor Networks Under TINYOS - 2.X
A. Sivagami(1), K. Pavai(1), D. Sridharan(1), S.A.V. Satya, Murty(2), ((1)Anna University, India, (2)Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic, Research, India)

TL;DR
This paper proposes an energy-aware routing protocol for wireless sensor networks using TinyOS, which improves network lifetime and load distribution by considering residual energy alongside link quality.
Contribution
It introduces a novel routing protocol that incorporates residual energy into parent selection, enhancing network lifetime over the standard CTP protocol.
Findings
Better load distribution compared to CTP
Increased network lifetime
Improved packet reception ratio
Abstract
Energy is one of the most important and scarce resources in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). WSN nodes work with the embedded operating system called TinyOS, which addresses the constrains of the WSN nodes such as limited processing power, memory, energy, etc and it uses the collection Tree Protocol (CTP) to collect the data from the sensor nodes. It uses either the four-bit link estimation or Link Estimation Exchange Protocol (LEEP) to predict the bi directional quality of the wireless link between the nodes and the next hop candidate is based on the estimated link quality. The residual energy of the node is an important key factor, which plays a vital role in the lifetime of the network and hence this has to taken as one of the metric in the parent selection. In this work, we consider the remaining energy of the node as one of the metric to decide the parent in addition to the link…
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