The incidence of cool gas in ~ 1e13 Msun halos

TL;DR

This study investigates the presence and covering fraction of cool gas in massive galaxy halos (~10^13 solar masses) using MgII absorption features in QSO spectra, finding a low maximum covering fraction of about 7%.

Contribution

First empirical estimate of the maximum covering fraction of cool gas in massive LRG halos at z~0.5 using spectroscopic follow-up.

Findings

Cool gas detected in some LRG halos via MgII absorption.

Maximum covering fraction of cool gas is approximately 7%.

Cool gas presence is limited in massive galaxy halos.

Abstract

We present the first results of an ongoing spectroscopic follow-up of close luminous red galaxy (LRGs) and MgII {\lambda}{\lambda} 2796,2803 absorber pairs for an initial sample of 15 photometrically selected LRGs at physical projected separations {\rho} \le 350 kpc/h from a QSO sightline. Our moderate-resolution spectra confirm a physical association between the cool gas (T ~ 1e4 K) revealed by the presence of MgII absorption features and the LRG halo in five cases. In addition, we report an empirical estimate of the maximum covering fraction (\kappa_max) of cool gas in massive, \ge 1e13 Msun/h dark matter halos hosting LRGs at z ~ 0.5. This study is performed using a sample of foreground LRGs that are located at {\rho} < 400 kpc/h from a QSO sightline. The LRGs are selected to have a robust photometric redshift \sigma_z/(1+z_ph) \approx 0.03. We determine \kappa_max based on the incidence of MgII absorption systems that occur within z_ph +/- 3sigma_z in the spectra of the background QSOs. Despite the large uncertainties in z_ph, this experiment provides a conservative upper limit to the covering fraction of cool gas in the halos of LRGs. We find that \kappa_max \approx 0.07 at W_r(2796) \ge 1.0 A and \kappa_max \approx 0.18 at W_r(2796) \ge 0.5 A, averaged over 400 kpc/h radius. Our study shows that while cool gas is present in \ge 1e13 Msun/h halos, the mean covering fraction of strong absorbers is no more than 7%.