Bootstrapping the Coronal Magnetic Field with STEREO: I. Unipolar Potential Field Modeling

TL;DR

This paper presents a method to improve coronal magnetic field modeling by fitting potential field models to stereoscopic observations, reducing misalignment and linking nonpotentiality to active region heating.

Contribution

The authors develop a forward-fitting approach to bootstrap potential field models from stereoscopic data, achieving lower misalignment angles and insights into nonpotential magnetic structures.

Findings

Reduced misalignment to 5-9 degrees after fitting

Residual misalignment correlates with active region X-ray flux

Method constrains nonpotentiality contributions in coronal magnetic fields

Abstract

We investigate the recently quantified misalignment of $\alpha_{mis} \approx 20^\circ-40^\circ$ between the 3-D geometry of stereoscopically triangulated coronal loops observed with STEREO/EUVI (in four active regions) and theoretical (potential or nonlinear force-free) magnetic field models extrapolated from photospheric magnetograms. We develop an efficient method of bootstrapping the coronal magnetic field by forward-fitting a parameterized potential field model to the STEREO-observed loops. The potential field model consists of a number of unipolar magnetic charges that are parameterized by decomposing a photospheric magnetogram from MDI. The forward-fitting method yields a best-fit magnetic field model with a reduced misalignment of $\alpha_{PF} \approx 13^\circ-20^\circ$. We evaluate also stereoscopic measurement errors and find a contribution of $\alpha_{SE}\approx 7^\circ-12^\circ$, which constrains the residual misalignment to $\alpha_{NP}=\alpha_{PF}-\alpha_{SE}\approx 5^\circ -9^\circ$, which is likely due to the nonpotentiality of the active regions. The residual misalignment angle $\alpha_{NP}$ of the potential field due to nonpotentiality is found to correlate with the soft X-ray flux of the active region, which implies a relationship between electric currents and plasma heating.