New Techniques for obtaining Schubert-type formulas for Hamiltonian manifolds

TL;DR

This paper develops new, simpler, and positive formulas for calculating canonical classes in equivariant cohomology of Hamiltonian manifolds, aiding the computation of structure constants in Schubert calculus.

Contribution

It introduces innovative techniques for computing restrictions of canonical classes, simplifying calculations and ensuring positivity in key cases.

Findings

Formulas count fewer paths, simplifying computations.

Results are positive and integral in important cases.

Enhanced methods for Schubert calculus in Hamiltonian manifolds.

Abstract

In [GT], Goldin and the second author extend some ideas from Schubert calculus to the more general setting of Hamiltonian torus actions on compact symplectic manifolds with isolated fixed points. (See also [Kn99] and [Kn08].) The main goal of this paper is to build on this work by finding more effective formulas. More explicitly, given a generic component of the moment map, they define a canonical class $\alpha_p$ in the equivariant cohomology of the manifold $M$ for each fixed point $p \in M$. When they exist, canonical classes form a natural basis of the equivariant cohomology of $M$. In particular, when $M$ is a flag variety, these classes are the equivariant Schubert classes. It is a long standing problem in combinatorics to find positive integral formulas for the equivariant structure constants associated to this basis. Since computing the restriction of the canonical classes to the fixed points determines these structure constants, it is important to find effective formulas for these restrictions. In this paper, we introduce new techniques for calculating the restrictions of a canonical class $\alpha_p$ to a fixed point $q$. Our formulas are nearly always simpler, in the sense that they count the contributions over fewer paths. Moreover, our formula is manifestly positive and integral in certain important special cases.