Studies on regge behaviour and spin-independent and spin-dependent structure functions

TL;DR

This paper investigates the behavior of spin-independent and spin-dependent structure functions in deep inelastic scattering at low-x, solving DGLAP evolution equations with Regge behavior up to NNLO to gain insights into hadron structure.

Contribution

It provides approximate analytical solutions to both spin-independent and spin-dependent DGLAP equations incorporating Regge behavior at low-x up to NNLO, advancing theoretical understanding.

Findings

Analytical solutions for structure functions at low-x

Inclusion of Regge behavior in evolution equations

Extension to next-next-to-leading order (NNLO)

Abstract

Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) experiments have provided important information on the structure of hadrons and ultimately the structure of matter and on the nature of interactions between leptons and hadrons, since the discovery of partons. Various high energy deep inelastic interactions lead to different evolution equations from which we obtain various structure functions giving information about the partons i.e. quarks and gluons involved in different scattering processes. Actually structure function is a mathematical picture of the hadron structure in the high energy region. Understanding the behaviour of the structure functions of the nucleon at low-x, where x is the Bjorken variable, is interesting both theoretically and phenomenologically. Structure functions are important inputs in many high energy processes and also important for examination of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD), the underlying dynamics of quarks and gluons. In PQCD, for high-Q2, where Q2 is the four momentum transfer in a DIS process, the Q2-evolutions of these densities (at fixed-x) are given by mainly Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) Evolution Equations. In this thesis, we solved both spin-independent and spin-dependent DGLAP evolution equations applying Regge behaviour of structure functions at low-x up-to next-next-to-leading order (NNLO) and have got the respective approximate analytical solutions of structure functions.