Bone regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells on a micro-structured titanium processed by wire-type electric discharge machining

TL;DR

This study investigates how wire-type electric discharge machining alters titanium surface properties to enhance mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic gene expression, suggesting improved potential for bone tissue engineering applications.

Contribution

It demonstrates that wire-type electric discharge machining creates micro-structured titanium surfaces that promote osteogenic gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells, advancing implant surface engineering.

Findings

Micro-roughness and irregular features observed on processed titanium.

Thickened suboxide layer correlates with increased gene expression.

Processed titanium enhances mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic activity.

Abstract

A new strategy with bone tissue engineering by mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on titanium implant has been dawn attention. The surface scaffold properties of titanium surface play an important role in bone regenerative potential of cells. The surface topography and chemistry are postulated to be two major factors increasing the scaffold properties of titanium implants. This study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic gene expression of mesenchymal stem cells on titanium processed by wire-type electric discharge machining. Some amount of roughness and distinctive irregular features were observed on titanium processed by wire-type electric discharge machining. The thickness of suboxide layer was concomitantly grown during the processing. Since the thickness of oxide film and micro-topography allowed an improvement of mRNA expression of cells, titanium processed by wire-type electric discharge machining is a promising candidate for mesenchymal stem cell based functional restoration of implants.