Vortex structures of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in anisotropic harmonic potential

TL;DR

This paper derives an analytical vortex structure solution for rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in anisotropic traps, revealing similarities to vortex lattices in superconductors and describing density profiles near condensate edges.

Contribution

It provides an exact analytical solution for vortex structures in anisotropic traps under rapid rotation, extending previous symmetric trap models.

Findings

Solution matches Abrikosov lattice in symmetric traps

Density profile approximates Thomas-Fermi distribution

Near edges, density deviates from bulk profile

Abstract

We found an analytical solution for the vortex structure in a rapidly rotating trapped Bose-Einstein condensate in the lowest Landau level approximation. This solution is exact in the limit of a large number of vortices and is obtained for the case of anisotropic harmonic potential. For the case of symmetric harmonic trap when the rotation frequency is equal to the trapping frequency, the solution coincides with the Abrikosov triangle vortex lattice in type-II superconductors. In a general case the coarse grained density is found to be close to the Thomas-Fermi profile, except the vicinity of edges of a condensate cloud.