Multiple-Time Scaling and Universal Behavior of the Earthquake Interevent Time Distribution

TL;DR

This paper investigates the universal scaling properties of earthquake interevent time distributions, demonstrating that considering four characteristic times reveals a universal behavior and clarifies deviations, with implications for understanding seismic activity patterns.

Contribution

It introduces a new scaling form accounting for four characteristic times, establishing conditions for universal behavior and explaining observed deviations in earthquake interevent times.

Findings

Interevent time distribution exhibits universal behavior when four characteristic times are considered.

The scaling form explains deviations from previous models.

Provides a method to relate the c parameter to mainshock magnitude.

Abstract

The interevent time distribution characterizes the temporal occurrence in seismic catalogs. Universal scaling properties of this distribution have been evidenced for entire catalogs and seismic sequences. Recently, these universal features have been questioned and some criticisms have been raised. We investigate the existence of universal scaling properties by analyzing a Californian catalog and by means of numerical simulations of an epidemic-type model. We show that the interevent time distribution exhibits a universal behavior over the entire temporal range if four characteristic times are taken into account. The above analysis allows us to identify the scaling form leading to universal behavior and explains the observed deviations. Furthermore, it provides a tool to identify the dependence on the mainshock magnitude of the c parameter that fixes the onset of the power law decay in the Omori law.