Refraction-Based Alternative Explanation for: Bending of Light Near a Star, Gravitational Red/Blue Shift and Black-Hole

TL;DR

This paper proposes a refraction-based alternative to general relativity for explaining light bending, gravitational red/blue shift, and black holes, aligning with known results without relying on Einstein's theory.

Contribution

It introduces a novel refraction-based explanation for gravitational phenomena, challenging the necessity of general relativity and Newtonian gravity in these contexts.

Findings

Results align with known gravitational bending values

Provides alternative explanations for gravitational red/blue shift

Suggests new predictions and tests for refraction-based gravity

Abstract

In this research-paper, many of the general-relativity-tests such as bending of light near a star and gravitational red/blue shift are explained without general-relativity & even without Newtonian-approach. The authors first raise questions on the validity of both, the Newtonian and the relativistic approach; and then propose a novel alternative-explanation. The new alternative explanation is based on refraction-phenomenon of optics. Estimation of results with new approach are in agreement with known values. Though physics is different, but it is argued that general-relativity based gravitational-bending and refraction based bending have more in common than is generally realized. Also discussed are black-hole and gravitational-lensing in the new perspective of refraction. The new refraction-based theory makes a few new predictions and also suggests a few tests.