`Island Surfing' Mechanism of Electron Acceleration During Magnetic Reconnection

TL;DR

This paper investigates how secondary magnetic islands formed during magnetic reconnection act as efficient accelerators of electrons, revealing a mechanism where trapped electrons gain energy from the reconnection electric field.

Contribution

It demonstrates that secondary islands serve as effective electron accelerators by trapping electrons and energizing them via the reconnection electric field, clarifying the electron energization process.

Findings

Secondary islands are efficient electron accelerators.

Electrons trapped inside islands gain energy continuously.

Size and speed of islands match observations in the magnetotail.

Abstract

One of the key unresolved problems in the study of space plasmas is to explain the production of energetic electrons as magnetic field lines `reconnect' and release energy in a exposive manner. Recent observations suggest possible roles played by small scale magnetic islands in the reconnection region, but their precise roles and the exact mechanism of electron energization have remained unclear. Here we show that secondary islands generated in the reconnection region are indeed efficient electron accelerators. We found that, when electrons are trapped inside the islands, they are energized continuously by the reconnection electric field prevalent in the reconnection diffusion region. The size and the propagation speed of the secondary islands are similar to those of islands observed in the magnetotail containing energertic electrons.